The Applicability of Species- and Trichothecene-Specific Primers in Monitoring the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex and Its Impact on the Surveillance of Fusarium Head Blight in Winter Wheat in Serbia

Monitoring changes in the prevalence of Fusarium species and toxin production is an important tool for integrated control head blight (FHB). However, methods high-throughput screening populations have been developed using isolates with limited geographic origins. In this study, we used species- trichothecene-specific primers to monitor F. graminearum complex (FGSC) originating from Serbia. We also tested applicability surveillance FHB. analyzed two hundred ten collected thirty locations five winter wheat varieties over a three-year period. Using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), investigated associations between Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) location, variety, members FGSC, their predisposition mycotoxin production. The results revealed that species-specific were not specific 11% population. primer sets 98.5%, 95.2%, 92.4% effective multilocus genotyping Tri7, Tri3, Tri5 genes, respectively. found individual associated could be characterized primers. Alternaria spp. had significant influence (p < 0.001) on grain infection graminearum, indicating necessity further investigate its impact pathogenesis clade.